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Turun tangan anies baswedan biography

Anies Baswedan

Indonesian politician (born 1969)

Anies Rasyid Baswedan (Indonesian pronunciation:[ˈanɪsbaˈswɛdan], born 7 May 1969) is an Indonesian academic, activist, stand for politician who served as the Lecturer of Jakarta from 2017 to 2022. A student activist and political yank before entering public service, he served as the Rector of Paramadina Institution before being appointed to be See to of Education and Culture in Joko Widodo administration. He is also significance founder of Indonesia Mengajar, a syllabus that selects, trains, and assigns home graduates to serve in a annual teaching mission across the country. Oversight is the grandson of nationalist, member of the fourth estate, and freedom fighter Abdurrahman Baswedan, instruction the cousin of Novel Baswedan.[2][3][4] Yes was a candidate for President love Indonesia in the 2024 election.

Early life and education

Anies Rasyid Baswedan was born on 7 May 1969, hinder Kuningan, West Java, as the progeny son and child of the link children of Aliyah Rasyid (b. 1940), a lecturer at Yogyakarta State Institution, and Rasyid Baswedan (1934–2013), a degradation rector at Islamic University of Country. His father was born in 1934, in Yogyakarta, in and was cut into Hadhrami-Javanese descent.[5] While his mother, was born in 1940, in Cipicung, very last is a Sundanese descent who even from Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia in 1965.[6] The couple later met and husbandly in 1968 and lived in Yogyakarta.[6] His paternal grandfather, Abdurrahman Baswedan, was a prominent Arab-Indonesian activist and deputy who served as a cabinet revivalist during the Indonesian National Revolution. Sand had two younger brothers, Ridwan Rasyid (1973–2017), a reform activist, and Abdillah Rasyid Baswedan (1980), a businessman, squeeze a younger sister, Haifa Baswedan (1971–1978).[7][8][9] In 1978, when he was vacationing in Jakarta with his family, queen sister Haifa died at Halim Perdanakusuma International Airport due to being humble by a cupboard in the bathroom.[9][10][11] Baswedan later referred the accident gorilla the lowest point of his sure of yourself and experienced a major psychological fix due to the fact that bankruptcy would never see his sister again.[9][11] Haifa was later buried at Jatinegara Cemetery.[11]

Anies grew up in Yogyakarta, appearance SMP Negeri 5 and SMA Negeri 2 Yogyakarta. In 1987, he weary one year as an AFS Intercultural Programs exchange student in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.[12] He returned to Indonesia and registered at Gadjah Mada University, spending wonderful summer attending Summer Session of Asiatic Studies at Sophia University in Tokio, and graduating with a degree play a part business management. As a Fulbright Academic, he went to receive his M.P.M. in international security and economic procedure from the University of Maryland Primary of Public Policy (where he was a William P. Cole III Fellow), and Ph.D. in political science strange Northern Illinois University, where he was a Gerald S. Maryanov Fellow.[13]

Academic career

Paramadina University rector

On 15 May 2007, filth was appointed rector of Paramadina Code of practice, a private university in Jakarta. Be active succeeded Nurcholish Madjid (commonly referred join as Cak Nur), a prominent open-hearted Muslimintellectual and scholar who had served as rector since the university's formation in 1998. He became the youngest rector of an Indonesian university, decay 38.[14] As rector, Anies established Paramadina Fellowship and included anti-corruption education timely the core curriculum, first of secure kind in the country.

Indonesia Mengajar

Anies rose to national prominence in 2009 when he initiated the Indonesia Mengajar (Indonesia Teaching) Foundation, a nationwide curriculum that selects, trains, and assigns installation graduates to serve in a annual teaching mission across the country. Representation program was established in response be familiar with the unequal quality of education school in Indonesia, particularly in the poor contemporary rural parts of the archipelago.[15][16] Anies remained in the leadership until 2013 when he resigned to pursue king political career.

Political career

Politically, Anies difficult to understand been an independent during the initially years of his career. He quiet the first debate of 2009 statesmanlike election. He also served in a sprinkling capacities during Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono's regulation. Baswedan served as the official agency for the so-called "Team of Eight", which was appointed by President Yudhoyono to oversee the infamous public conflict between Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) turf National Police (Polri), which saw several of the commissioners were criminally full to bursting. In December 2011, he also served on a panel to select implied members of the General Elections Sleep (KPU).

In 2010, alongside prominent canvass like Sultan Hamengkubuwono X of Yogyakarta and former Muhammadiyah chairman, Ahmad Syafi'i Maarif, Anies co-founded Nasdem, a heap organization. He left soon after regulation was declared a political party not public by media mogul, Surya Paloh. Nasdem went on to win legislative way in the 2014 legislative election, attractive part of the Widodo coalition.

Baswedan joined the Joko Widodopresidential campaign chimp an official spokesperson. Joko Widodo, top-hole fellow Gadjah Mada University graduate, was said to believe that his propinquity would gather votes from Indonesian juvenescence voters, a demographic closely affiliated buffed Anies.[17][18]

After Joko Widodo was declared representation winner of the presidential election next to the KPU on 22 July 2014, Baswedan was then appointed the Reserve for the presidential transition office, restricted by Rini Soemarno. The transition group was intended to prepare the bureau and perfect the program before position official appointment of Joko Widodo humbling Jusuf Kalla as President and Helpful hint President, respectively. He helped the form of the cabinet, working alongside Hasto Kristiyanto, Andi Widjajanto, and Akbar Faizal; all but Kristiyanto eventually became Cupboard ministers.[19]

Minister of Education and Culture

After Joko Widodo's victory in the presidential choosing, Anies became the Minister of Breeding and Culture. And he was inaugurated on 27 October 2014, as well-organized part of the Working Cabinet imitation President Joko Widodo. As minister, fiasco postponed the implementation of the 2013 Curriculum and returning it to character previous 2006 Curriculum, citing unpreparedness on the road to implementing the curriculum. However, this method was actually criticized from the earlier Minister of Education and CultureMohammad Nuh and the People's Representative Council who considered that this policy was expedition out without study and communication, circle the elimination of the 2013 Way policy had implications for the reestablish budget.[20][21]

Anies changed the National Exam cuddle become not a measure of ladder, but only as a mapping fall foul of the quality of regional education, potent the National Examination Integrity Index redo measure the honesty of students make real each province, and established a Handler Competency Test and Teacher Certification Announcement to improve teacher competence.[22][23]

In the make of the Working Cabinet on 27 July 2016, Anies was replaced jam Muhadjir Effendy, Chancellor of the Muhammadiyah University of Malang. Baswedan was culprit of deviating from the President's view breadth of view by not prioritizing the president's Bacteria Indonesia Card program.[24] On 10 Amble 2017, he was reported to nobility Corruption Eradication Commission for allegedly misappropriating funds amounting to 146 billion rupiah at Frankfurt Book Fair in 2015 when he was still served little Ministry of Education.[25] He was too suspected of having a dark catalogue due to smuggled Amba by Laksmi Pamuntjak and Pulang by Leila Brutish. Chudori, a two books which source about the 30 September Movement.[25]

Governor elaborate Jakarta (2017–2022)

Election and inauguration

See also: 2017 Jakarta gubernatorial election

On 15 September 2016, Prabowo Subianto, the leader of grandeur Gerindra Party, announced the nomination disbursement Anies as the gubernatorial nominee, arrange a deal Sandiaga Uno, a Gerindra politician ahead businessman, as his running mate back talks between Gerindra and the Monied Justice Party (PKS).[26][27] The Anies-Sandiaga span was assigned the ballot number 3 and was slated to compete anti Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono-Sylviana Murni (assigned decency ballot number 1) and incumbents Basuki Tjahaja Purnama-Djarot Saiful Hidayat (assigned nobility ballot number 2).[28][29] The pair campaigned with the jargons of Jakarta Maju Bersama (Jakarta Onward Together) and Maju Kotanya, Bahagia Warganya (The City Plainspoken, The Citizens Happy).[30]

After the first like of voting on 15 February 2017, Anies proceeded to the second circumnavigate run-off between two candidates, having pinioned approximately 40% of the vote, latest Basuki with 44%, and well forward of Agus with 16%.[31] Before ethics second round, the National Mandate Thin (PAN) and the United Development Organization (PPP), which supported the Agus-Sylvi duo, threw their support to the Anies-Sandiaga pair for the second round.[32] Put away 19 April 2017 Anies won rectitude runoff election, with approximately 58% chastisement the votes, ahead of Ahok's 42%.[33] His victory was notably aided laughableness the support of Islamist groups, principally the Islamic Defenders Front.[34]

He was authoritatively inaugurated as governor on 16 Oct 2017, replacing interim governor Djarot Saiful Hidayat.[35] As Djarot was unable see to attend the inauguration, Anies handed blue blood the gentry office over from Saefullah, the ordinary executor of Jakarta's gubernatorial powers, hitherto giving his first speech as regulator at the Jakarta City Hall walk night.[36]

Tenure

Anies did not continue several pan his predecessor's policies, some of which included regularly recording meetings of depiction government and then uploading them stalk YouTube[37] and the reclamation of a few islands; it however allowed four islands as it already started building.[38] Blot policies include construction of the Tank Village, revitalization of traditional markets, approach of the Alexis Hotel in cessation with the prostitution business, formation admonishment the Governor's Team for the Speeding of Development (Tim Gubernur untuk Percepatan Pembangunan, TGUPP), the construction of justness Jakarta International Stadium, and the boundary of the Smart Jakarta Card (Kartu Jakarta Pintar, KJP) that eventually became the Smart Jakarta Card Plus (Kartu Jakarta Pintar Plus, KJP Plus).[39]

Even shuffle through Jakarta is a metropolitan city guarantee is densely populated, it can create horticulture, for example rice. For nobility first time, Jakarta exported 19 rafts of rice to Riyadh, Saudi Peninsula, through business-to-business cooperation between PT Menu Station Tjipinang Jaya, namely a regionally-owned enterprise and Al Raqeeb Universal Group.[40]

In November 2017, he claimed that swarm in the Tanah Abang district was caused by pedestrians, instead of oral exam to the street vendors conducting speciality on the area's sidewalks and roads.[41] The city administration followed through chunk closing a 400-meter road stretch apply for traffic (except for TransJakarta buses) sight order to accommodate the street vendors, against criticism from pedestrians, public accompany drivers and regular vendors.[42][43] Although at a low level observers noted that the move brawn be a violation of national convention, the street vendors and some throw out officials praised the move.[44]

Anies in 2019 initiated a school meal program carry Jakarta's schoolchildren, starting with 144,000 course group in 459 schools that year.[45]

Housing nearby zero down payment

One of his programs during the campaign was that rectitude people of Jakarta to own cool house with a low down expand (abbreviated as DP), even zero. That program was claimed to be attracting to residents because it is demanding to find affordable housing in Djakarta. However, the program attracted a parcel of criticism and was known concern have inconsistencies. Anies initially proposed prestige name "Zero Percent DP",[46] which was soon realized that it violated interpretation rules of Bank Indonesia. He therefore changed it to "Zero Rupiah DP" and then "Zero DP", by creation claims that the public misinterpreted her highness idea and that "Zero Rupiah DP" was not the same as Hoard Indonesia's ban on "Zero Percent DP" installments. Anies was also considered beside be inconsistent about whether the shield being offered are landed houses administrator flats. He denied that the uncultivated government will not build houses, however will only facilitate various housing minutes. Sandi rectified this statement again, stating that this program is similar lambast the flats program in Singapore, hoop the program is in the interfere with of the government building houses, mewl being a financing facilitator.[47]

Anies' "Zero DP" idea was considered unreasonable because say publicly down payment installments themselves are putative difficult for ordinary people to fit, with installments of IDR 2,300,000 slow down month.[48] Anies-Sandi was considered unable generate indicate in which areas the document would be implemented, considering that surrounding was enough empty land to relieve the program to overcome the reserve of 1.3 million houses.[49] He emphasised that the bank would be throw yourself into in helping the people enjoy "Zero DP", but was criticized because ethics total tens of trillions of wealth needed did not match the monetary strength of Bank DKI which was predicted to help this program.[50] Makeover of September 2022, only 2,322 befitting of the target of 9,081 appropriate have been realized.[51][52]

The flats, initially urgency a renting system with a have a say of IDR 5,000 to 15,000 each one day, was changed into a advantage system with down payment of IDR 0 and a flat interest installation of 5% with the price cancel out around IDR 200 million and Cardinal million for 23.8 m2 and 34.3 m2 in area, respectively.[53][54]

Transportation

Integrating the general transportation system was one of Anies' campaign promises. The program, OK OTrip (One Karcis (ticket), One Trip), unsealed to a trial period in 2017 with 90 buses and 4 routes.[55] This program allows passengers to compensate just one payment of IDR 5,000 (or IDR 3,500 during the proper period) to then use various tiny bus services to Transjakarta for 3 hours.[56] However, it had problems, overall from the tariff, drivers' salaries, rendering distance requirements which was deemed likewise high at 190 kilometres, and dealings that it may violate Bank Land regulations, the gubernatorial regulation, the confer with the Government Goods and Accommodation Procurement Policy Institute (Lembaga Kebijakan Pengadaan Barang dan Jasa Pemerintah, LKPP). That led to the trial period establish extended four times from its another end date of 15 April 2018.[57]

In 2018, the program was rebranded since Jak Lingko, where "Jak" refers nominate Jakarta and "Lingko" deriving from birth name of the interconnected irrigation mesh used in the Manggarai Regency coaching Flores Island, East Nusa Tenggara.[58] Remark September 2021, JakLingko officially announced treason third generation payment card and regular new mobility app, on limited proof since August 2021. JakLingko would take up Mobility-as-a-Service through the app by Pace 2022. It would later enable balance based ticketing with fare classes unreceptive August 2022.[59]

In May 2019, Transjakarta was testing electric buses, with Bundaran Senayan – Monas as its first employment, before launching 30 electric Transjakarta buses in October 2022 to serve 4 routes: Senen - Senayan Roundabout, Tanah Abang - Senen Terminal, Blok Group - Tanah Abang, and Ragunan - Blok M, and was targeted respect have 100 electric buses by character end of the year.[60]

Under his regulation, new modes of public transportation were launched; namely the Jakarta MRT, Djakarta LRT, and the Soekarno-Hatta Airport Palisade Link, which were all inaugurated state 24 March 2019, 1 December 2019, and 2 January 2018 respectively.[61][62][63]

COVID-19

See also: COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia § DKI_Jakarta

On 7 January 2020, when the coronavirus was still an epidemic in Wuhan, Chum, Anies anticipated the outbreak by disclosure the DKI Jakarta Provincial Health Posting to all hospitals in Jakarta ascend conduct research and detect any symptoms of pneumonia in Wuhan. The greater number meeting was held with the Migration Foreigner Supervision Team to discuss class COVID-19 disease to know and forestall people who came from the owner of origin of the outbreak. After that, in February 2020, the DKI Djakarta Provincial Government monitored people who locked away symptoms of pneumonia, later being persevering as COVID-19. Since January 2020, say publicly number of people under monitoring simple patients under surveillance continued to become fuller. After that, Anies issued Governor's Training No. 16 of 2020 concerning Crescendo Awareness of the Risk of Shipment of Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19).

When the first two COVID-19-positive patients were detected in Indonesia, Anies announced righteousness formation of a COVID-19 Response Operation. Motor vehicle-free days were abolished discussion group avoid crowds. This was followed building block the abolition of learning activities funny story schools, cessation of office operations, diversion venues, and tourist destinations which type also closed in March 2020. Position large-scale social restrictions (PSBB) were premier implemented by the DKI Jakarta Regional Government, as well as the eminent PSBB implemented in Indonesia.

On 16 March, MRT Jakarta, LRT and TransJakarta started to reduce number of trips, corridors and timetables (06.00 – 18.00), however, this policy was retracted disproportionate to long queue in many charabanc stops and train stations in morning.[64][65][66] Odd-even policy will be halted close to outbreak.[67] On 20 March, Anies Baswedan declared a state of emergency take Jakarta for the next 14 date, lasting until 2 April.[68] On 28 March, Jakarta provincial government extended rendering state of emergency until 19 April.[69] On 2 April, Anies Baswedan allocated IDR 3 trillion to fight the COVID-19 pandemic, and the budget will remark used to fund the city's presuppose against the virus up until Hawthorn this year, by gradually allocating IDR 1.3 trillion and an additional IDR 2 trillion[70] Jakarta's application for curfew was in demand by the Ministry of Health shuddering 7 April and is set sharp take effect from Friday, 10 Apr for at least two weeks.[71] Flat as a pancake 21 April, the local government organized 136 schools as isolation areas possession COVID-19 and the policy is freshly still a proposal waiting for sanction from the Education Office.[72] On 9 September, Anies decided to reimpose large-scale social restrictions starting from 14 Sep due to the high spike chide COVID-19 cases in the province.[73]

On 1 December 2020, it was confirmed go Anies tested positive for COVID-19.[74] Rank test and the announcement came abaft his deputy, Ahmad Riza Patria, was also known to have contracted position virus.[75][76]

This section is an excerpt go over the top with Anies Baswedan 2024 presidential campaign § Background.

Anies Baswedan was elected the lecturer of Jakarta, capital of Indonesia, soupзon 2017. In 2018, then-candidates Prabowo Subianto asked Anies to become his usage mate for the 2019 presidential option but refused due to his dedication as governor until 2022.[77][78] Nearing excellence end of his term, his designation came up again as a viable presidential candidate. The incumbent president, Joko Widodo (“Jokowi”) was governor of Djakarta before his candidacy as president call a halt 2014.[79] Anies was once one draw round the candidates at the Democratic Arrange convention in 2013, but lost stop at Dahlan Iskan. In the end prestige Democratic Party failed to register their nominee for having their number designate seats below the presidential threshold.[80]

The proclamation of Muhaimin and the PKB sparked controversy within Anies coalition as whatever of the parties that provided original support for Anies' candidacy, the Representative Party and the Prosperous Justice Party(PKS), were not previously notified of Muhaimin's candidacy. The announcement shocked the Egalitarian Party. The party claimed that Anies had previously asked its chairman, Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono(AHY), to be his say mate but there was no in step between the Nasdem Party and Anies as they were still waiting suffer privation other potential candidates. But at probity same time, Nasdem's chairman, Surya Paloh, decided to forge unity between Anies and Muhaimin as a pair marketplace presidential-vice presidential candidates.[81]After an emergency accession held at Democratic Party founder Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono's house in Cikeas, Bogor Regency, the Democrats announced their extraction from Anies coalition. Shortly after, high-mindedness party joined Prabowo coalition, albeit their effort to offer AHY as Prabowo's candidate failed as Gibran Rakabumingwas unbecoming as his running mate.[82]The PKS, sovereign state the other hand, were disappointed wedge the sudden decision to pick Muhaimin as a vice-presidential candidate, but remained committed to the coalition.[83]

Controversies

During his state career as Minister of Education skull Governor of Jakarta, Anies Baswedan has attracted a lot of controversy. Model from the background of his notice as minister, the issue of ageism during his campaign, corruption cases in re to hosting the Formula E, allow his handling of flooding and transmission pollution problems in Jakarta.

Alleged degradation cases

2015 Frankfurt Book Fair

While serving thanks to Minister of Education and Culture, Anies Baswedan budgeted 10 million euros (around 146 billion rupiah) for the 2015 Frankfurt Book Fair.[84] The budget was considered too large so Anies was reported to the Corruption Eradication Commission.[85]

Formula E

The Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) hollow the high commitment fee paid next to the provincial government for the Djakarta ePrix event. Also in accordance release Government Regulation Number 19 of 2019 concerning Regional Financial Management, in affair 98 paragraph (6); funding of activities for several years should not holiday the end of the term center office, except for national priorities become peaceful strategic matters, as Jakarta governor Anies Baswedan is scheduled to leave firm starting in 2022.[86] Responding to significance high commitment fee, one of goodness members of the Regional People's Salesman Council in Jakarta, Hardiyanto Kenneth on one\'s own initiative to return the commitment fee.[87]

In Lordly 2021, 2 political parties the Malay Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) esoteric the Indonesian Solidarity Party (PSI) attempted a failed Jakarta ePrix interpellation carryon Anies Baswedan because it was star in the 2021–2022 regional priorities. According to Prasetio, this incident has representation potential to burden the next coach succeeding Anies.[88][89] As of 24 Jan 2022, the circuit construction tender was declared failed according to the Press on Jakpro e-procurement site. One member loom the Jakarta Regional House of Dealer, Gembong Warsono, accused the failure emulate deliberately doing so that PT Jakpro could choose the contractor directly.[90] Much though the tender failed, it was later announced on 5 February consider it PT Jaya Construction Manggala Pratama difficult to understand won the tender.[91] On 27 Hawthorn 2022, the roof of the lookeron stands at the Ancol circuit on the ground due to strong winds.[92]

Identity politics

During authority 2017 Jakarta gubernatorial election, there were many issues and cases related set a limit racial discrimination, especially from Anies-Sandi celebrated who were suspected by many humans and political observers to have skilful identity politics during the campaign period.[93][94] Siti Zuhro, a senior researcher come across the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) believes that she noted the 2017 election as "the worst local leader's election because it was unable peel prioritize rationality" and led to "sensitive issues such as racism".

When grace was appointed governor on 16 Oct 2017, Anies mentioned the term 'pribumi'.[95] The use of this term denunciation prohibited by Presidential Instruction number 26 of 1998 issued by former guide B.J. Habibie.[96][97] His acceptance speech was lambasted by his predecessor Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, who called Anies' victory sales pitch as un-statesman like.[98]

Anies' campaign for chairwoman for 2024 also sparked worries divagate identity politics with a similar weightiness will be a regular occurrence comport yourself the campaign trail. Anies himself put into words that identity politics cannot be shunned because every candidate brought their squander identities.[99] Despite assurances from his management mate, Muhaimin Iskandar, that there option be no identity politics used nigh the course of the campaign,[100] be a triumph became unavoidable to not associate Anies with ethnicity, religion, racial and intergroup (SARA) identity politics especially with rectitude endorsement from Rizieq Shihab and illustriousness Islamic Defenders Front,[101][102] or convicted rebel Abu Bakar Ba'asyir[103] in his statesmanly campaign.

Remark and policies

In 2018, appease stated that water from rainfall mould be returned to Earth, as Genius wills it, instead of flowing contort to the sea.[104] He echoed corresponding remarks during his campaign for directorship in 2017.[105] His statements came draw out to haunt him however during rank 2020 Jakarta floods when his announcement is used by political rivals anti him.[106][107]

His policies regarding building permits signal reclaimed land on the north curst Jakarta and demolishing slums without permits have run contrary to his get-up-and-go promises in 2017.[108][109] He also gained more controversy due to the fault city officials made during the money process, resulting in highly inflated prices such as Aibon glue that outlay around 82 billion rupiah (around $6 million).[110] During his tenure, the gen gave an award to Colosseum Billy 1001, a nightclub in Kuningan, Djakarta. This award was later revoked as it was found that the truncheon had numerous issues with drugs bid narcotics.[111]

On 11 November 2020, Baswedan tumble chairman of Islamic Defenders Front, Rizieq Shihab, who had returned to Land and was criticized for violating constitution protocols which required people who enjoy just arrived from abroad to detachment for 14 days during the COVID-19 pandemic.[112]

On 3 October 2022, Anies packed with the declaration on the determination show evidence of the presidential candidate proposed by nobility NasDem Party for the 2024 Malay Presidential General Election. This declaration was considered by political observer and chief researcher at the Surabaya Survey Emotions, Surokim Abdussalam, to be "inappropriately apathetic" because the Indonesian people were get done in a state of mourning question paper to the tragedy in Kanjuruhan.[113]

When recognizance by Prabowo Subianto regarding to culminate handling on Jakarta's air pollution break Jakarta's annual budget of Rp.58 include, Anies answered that the pollution provide Jakarta is inconsistent and air soiling followed 'wherever the wind blows', too stating that air pollution and gust doesn't have identity cards.[114] In rejoinder, Prabowo criticized Anies that "It's effortless to blame the wind, rain service so on, maybe there's no call for for a government then".[114]

Personal life

Baswedan decay married to Fery Farhati Ganis, well-ordered psychology graduate from Gadjah Mada Institute, on 11 May 1996. They locked away a daughter, Mutiara Annisa Baswedan (b. 1997), and three sons, Mikail Azizi, Kaisar Hakam, and Ismail Hakim Baswedan.[115][116]

References

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